For Automotive Application
Since the zirconia oxygen sensor outputs 0 to 1 volt, depending on the exhaust O2 concentration, the sensor signal can be used to control fuel injection and ensure nearly stoichiometric combustion, resulting in clean exhaust. Oxygen sensors are also used downstream of the catalytic converter for the purpose of diagnosing its performance and detecting degradation of the CAT. In modern vehicles, one upstream and one downstream sensor is used on each exhaust bank.